El papel de la psicopatía en la violencia de pareja: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64217/logosguardiacivil.v4i2.8946Palabras clave:
trastornos psicopatológicos, violencia de pareja íntima, dimensiones psicopáticas, reincidencia, revisión sistemáticaResumen
La violencia de pareja íntima (VPI) constituye un problema de salud pública con graves consecuencias físicas, psicológicas y sociales. Entre los factores individuales asociados a su perpetración, la psicopatía ha adquirido especial relevancia en los últimos años. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo actualizar y analizar la evidencia empírica publicada, desde el año 2017 hasta 2025, sobre la relación entre los rasgos psicopáticos y la violencia de pareja. Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo las directrices PRISMA. La búsqueda se efectuó en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science y en la plataforma ProQuest, aplicando criterios PICOS previamente definidos. Se incluyeron 20 estudios cuantitativos con una muestra de 7.706 adultos procedentes de contextos clínicos, comunitarios y forenses. Los resultados muestran una asociación significativa entre psicopatía y VPI, especialmente cuando se analizan de forma diferenciada las dimensiones del constructo. La psicopatía primaria se vincula principalmente con violencia instrumental y estrategias de control, mientras que la psicopatía secundaria se asocia con violencia impulsiva y mayor riesgo de reincidencia. Asimismo, se identifican perfiles diferenciados de agresores en función de las facetas psicopáticas predominantes. Se discuten las implicaciones clínicas y forenses derivadas de estos hallazgos, así como las limitaciones metodológicas de la literatura actual. En conjunto, los resultados respaldan la importancia del análisis dimensional de la psicopatía para comprender la heterogeneidad de la VPI.
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